THE TWO CITY’S OF LONDON
London is comprised of two distinct historical cities: the City of London and the City of Westminster, both of which are now enveloped by the larger Greater London area. The City of London, also known as the "Square Mile," is the ancient core and financial heart of the capital, while Westminster is the political centre, housing the UK's government and royal family. Despite their proximity and integration into a single metropolis, they maintain separate identities and functions.
The City of London has its roots in Roman times, acting as the original settlement and still retaining its historical boundaries, which are marked by the remnants of Roman walls. It is the smallest ceremonial county in England and the second smallest city in Britain. This area is distinct from the London boroughs, governed by the City of London Corporation, a unique local authority with special privileges. The City is renowned as a global financial centre, hosting the London Stock Exchange and numerous international financial institutions. Its skyline is characterized by modern skyscrapers, reflecting its modern role as a hub for finance and business.
In contrast, Westminster has historically been the seat of English government for over a thousand years. Key landmarks include Buckingham Palace, the Houses of Parliament, and Westminster Abbey. Westminster's political significance is underscored by its concentration of government buildings and its representation of Britain's political power. While the City of London is often associated with financial power, Westminster is the centre of political influence and Royal presence. The area also attracts tourists with its iconic landmarks, including the Changing of the Guard ceremony and historic royal residences.
Despite the distinct characteristics of each city, they are now deeply intertwined, forming a single, vibrant, and complex urban landscape. Greater London has expanded far beyond the boundaries of these two original cities, incorporating numerous boroughs and becoming a sprawling metropolis. However, the historical and functional distinction between the City of London and Westminster remains a defining aspect of London's unique character
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